469 research outputs found
The social value of expressing personal and general belief in a just world in different contexts
Research conducted in France and Portugal has consistently found that expressing high versus low Belief in a Personal Just World (BJW-P) is more socially valued. Results concerning the Belief in a General Just World (BJW-G) have been mixed. We propose this reflects a higher resistance of BJW-P social value to contextual changes. Testing this idea was the main goal of three experimental studies conducted in France, Germany and Portugal. In Study 1 (N = 283) participants expressed higher BJW-G when asked to convey a positive versus a negative image in a job application at a bank. The opposite pattern showed up when they applied for a job at a Human Rights NGO, an employment assistance institution and a trade union. Participants expressed higher BJW-P in all contexts, except at the trade union (no significant differences). In Study 2 (N = 489) participants judged bogus candidates who expressed high or low BJW-P/G while applying for a job at the same contexts. The patterns of judgments replicated those of self-presentations in Study 1. In Study 3 (N = 158), participants were asked to judge targets who expressed high versus moderate versus low BJW-P at a trade union. The former target was more socially valued than the other two. High versus low BJW-P expression was associated with higher stamina and less unadjusted self-enhancement. We conclude that in Western societies the expression of BJW-P is more central to the legitimation of the status quo and that of BJW-G is more context sensitive.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Planetary Science Virtual Observatory architecture
In the framework of the Europlanet-RI program, a prototype of Virtual
Observatory dedicated to Planetary Science was defined. Most of the activity
was dedicated to the elaboration of standards to retrieve and visualize data in
this field, and to provide light procedures to teams who wish to contribute
with on-line data services. The architecture of this VO system and selected
solutions are presented here, together with existing demonstrators
IIV-6 Inhibits NF-kappaB Responses in Drosophila
The host immune response and virus-encoded immune evasion proteins pose constant, mutual selective pressure on each other. Virally encoded immune evasion proteins also indicate which host pathways must be inhibited to allow for viral replication. Here, we show that IIV-6 is capable of inhibiting the two Drosophila NF-kappaB signaling pathways, Imd and Toll. Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene induction downstream of either pathway is suppressed when cells infected with IIV-6 are also stimulated with Toll or Imd ligands. We find that cleavage of both Imd and Relish, as well as Relish nuclear translocation, three key points in Imd signal transduction, occur in IIV-6 infected cells, indicating that the mechanism of viral inhibition is farther downstream, at the level of Relish promoter binding or transcriptional activation. Additionally, flies co-infected with both IIV-6 and the Gram-negative bacterium, Erwinia carotovora carotovora, succumb to infection more rapidly than flies singly infected with either the virus or the bacterium. These findings demonstrate how pre-existing infections can have a dramatic and negative effect on secondary infections, and establish a Drosophila model to study confection susceptibility
Reconstruction microchirurgicale et prise en charge globale des patients porteurs de cancer ORL : lâimportance dâune approche qualitĂ© et dâun circuit protocolisĂ© [Microsurgical reconstruction and full management of patients with head and neck cancer: Importance of a quality approach and a circuit protocolisation]
Main of study: Management and surgical reconstruction of head and neck cancers remain a challenge. From the first consultation to surgery and radiotherapy, it is necessary to save time to ensure optimum treatment and better survival rates. Objectif: To establish a kind of quality approach to the management of patients with head and neck cancers. 54 patients who had microsurgical reconstruction after head and neck cancer were included in this study between 1997 and 2006. Results : Multiple data were considered: body mass index (BMI), ASA stage, age, existence of a pre-or postoperative radiotherapy, the surgeon's experience and the number of veins drainage. The success rate is superior when more than one draining vein is sutured to the flap for patients with a BMI > 20. Radiotherapy does not seem to affect the survival of the flap. Conclusion: According to current literature, the survival rate of these patients is better when the overall time care is less than 100 days. That period is possible with a perfect organization of the medical and paramedical team. Therefore, we propose to include these patients in a circuit protocolisation care, which saves time, to better inform patients and improve survival rates.
Buts: la prise en charge et la reconstruction chirurgicale des cancers ORL restent un challenge. De la premiĂšre consultation Ă la chirurgie et la radiothĂ©rapie, il est nĂ©cessaire de gagner du temps afin dâassurer une traitement optimum et un meilleur taux de survie. Objectif : Ă©tablir une sorte dâapproche qualitĂ© de la prise en charge des patients porteurs de cancers ORL. 54 patients qui ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© dâune reconstruction microchirurgicale suite Ă un cancer ORL ont Ă©tĂ© inclus dans cette Ă©tude entre 1997 et 2006. RĂ©sultats : plusieurs donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©es : lâindex de masse corporelle (IMC), le stade ASA, lâĂąge, lâexistence dâune radiothĂ©rapie prĂ© ou post opĂ©ratoire, lâexpĂ©rience du chirurgien ainsi que le nombre de veines de drainage. Le taux de succĂšs se rĂ©vĂšle supĂ©rieur lorsque plus dâune veine de drainage est suturĂ©e au lambeau, pour des patients ayant un IMC > 20. La radiothĂ©rapie ne semble pas avoir de rĂ©percussion sur la survie du lambeau. Conclusion : conformĂ©ment Ă la littĂ©rature actuelle, le taux de survie de ces patients est meilleur lorsque le temps global de prise en charge est infĂ©rieur Ă 100 jours. Ce dĂ©lai court nâest possible quâavec une parfaite organisation de lâĂ©quipe mĂ©dicale et paramĂ©dicale. De ce fait, nous proposons dâinclure ces patients dans un circuit de prise en charge protocolisĂ©, ce qui permet de gagner du temps, de mieux informer le patient et dâamĂ©liorer le taux de survie
Use of the infra hyoid musculo-cutaneous flap in soft palate reconstruction.
To review a series of 23 consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinomas arising from oropharynx who underwent infra hyoid musculo-cutaneous flap reconstruction including soft palate in alternative to free radial forearm flap or maxillofacial prosthesis. Post operative radiotherapy was performed for all patients.Every reconstruction healed quickly without major wound complications. The functional results evaluated by speech and swallowing capacities, were good for 17 patients, fair for 4 patients and bad for 2.The infra hyoid musculo-cutaneous flap is a versatile, reliable and convenient flap suitable for repairing small and medium sized defects; it can be used in combination with other flaps, and in selected cases obviates the need for a microvascular free radial forearm flap or maxillofacial prosthesis
The EPN-TAP protocol for the Planetary Science Virtual Observatory
A Data Access Protocol has been set up to search and retrieve Planetary
Science data in general. This protocol will allow the user to select a subset
of data from an archive in a standard way, based on the IVOA Table Access
Protocol (TAP). The TAP mechanism is completed by an underlying Data Model and
reference dictionaries. This paper describes the principle of the EPN- TAP
protocol and interfaces, underlines the choices that have been made, and
discusses possible evolutions.Comment: 21 pages. Submitted to Astronomy & Computing, S.I. Virtual
Observator
Recommended from our members
IIV-6 Inhibits NF-ÎșB Responses in Drosophila.
The host immune response and virus-encoded immune evasion proteins pose constant, mutual selective pressure on each other. Virally encoded immune evasion proteins also indicate which host pathways must be inhibited to allow for viral replication. Here, we show that IIV-6 is capable of inhibiting the two Drosophila NF-ÎșB signaling pathways, Imd and Toll. Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene induction downstream of either pathway is suppressed when cells infected with IIV-6 are also stimulated with Toll or Imd ligands. We find that cleavage of both Imd and Relish, as well as Relish nuclear translocation, three key points in Imd signal transduction, occur in IIV-6 infected cells, indicating that the mechanism of viral inhibition is farther downstream, at the level of Relish promoter binding or transcriptional activation. Additionally, flies co-infected with both IIV-6 and the Gram-negative bacterium, Erwinia carotovora carotovora, succumb to infection more rapidly than flies singly infected with either the virus or the bacterium. These findings demonstrate how pre-existing infections can have a dramatic and negative effect on secondary infections, and establish a Drosophila model to study confection susceptibility
DNA end resection by Dna2âSgs1âRPA and its stimulation by Top3âRmi1 and Mre11âRad50âXrs2
The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination requires processing of broken ends. For repair to start, the DSB must first be resected to generate a 3âČ-single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) overhang, which becomes a substrate for the DNA strand exchange protein, Rad51 (ref. 1). Genetic studies have implicated a multitude of proteins in the process, including helicases, nucleases and topoisomerases. Here we biochemically reconstitute elements of the resection process and reveal that it requires the nuclease Dna2, the RecQ-family helicase Sgs1 and the ssDNA-binding protein replication protein-A (RPA). We establish that Dna2, Sgs1 and RPA constitute a minimal protein complex capable of DNA resection in vitro. Sgs1 helicase unwinds the DNA to produce an intermediate that is digested by Dna2, and RPA stimulates DNA unwinding by Sgs1 in a species-specific manner. Interestingly, RPA is also required both to direct Dna2 nucleolytic activity to the 5âČ-terminated strand of the DNA break and to inhibit 3âČ to 5âČ degradation by Dna2, actions that generate and protect the 3âČ-ssDNA overhang, respectively. In addition to this core machinery, we establish that both the topoisomerase 3 (Top3) and Rmi1 complex and the Mre11âRad50âXrs2 complex (MRX) have important roles as stimulatory components. Stimulation of end resection by the Top3âRmi1 heterodimer and the MRX proteins is by complex formation with Sgs1 (refs 5, 6), which unexpectedly stimulates DNA unwinding. We suggest that Top3âRmi1 and MRX are important for recruitment of the Sgs1âDna2 complex to DSBs. Our experiments provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the initial steps of recombinational DNA repair in eukaryotes
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